Role of built-environment, lifestyle, attitude and behavioral factors on mode choice-case of grocery shopping in Tehran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Researcher, Tarrahan Parseh Transportation Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.

2 Transportation Planning Dept., Civil & Envi. Eng. Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University

3 Civil Engineering,The City of College NewYork

Abstract

Understanding the effective variables on mode choice of grocery shopping trips is very important, considering the high frequency of these trips. Although previous studies show that attitudes (personal preference) play an essential role in mode choice, few studies investigate the effect of heterogeneity of these factors in mode choice of grocery shopping. This research investigates the role of socioeconomic, built-environment, lifestyle, attitude, and behavioral variables on taste variation of individuals in mode choice of grocery shopping trips.
 398 individuals are surveyed in chain grocery stores of Tehran in May 2016 and factor analysis is used to identify latent variable such as safety, pedestrian-oriented, mode flexibility. Furthermore, a mixed logit (MXL) model is employed to test heterogeneity among individuals. Results of MXL model show that several socioeconomic, mode attributes and attitude variables have significant effects on mode choice for grocery shopping activities. Besides, male variable in bus mode and travel time in walking mode is heterogeneous variables among parameters with random normal distribution coefficient for grocery shopping destinations. Moreover, the results of the random coefficient analysis show that the existence of a shopping center in the CBD without parking spaces for bus mode and household car ownership (two or more) for walking mode are the primary sources of heterogeneity of grocery shopping trips. Findings suggest that considering policies like parking management, especially in CBD and development of public transit stations, based consistent with the development of pedestrian facilities, increase the likelihood of using transit. Also, policies like optimal grocery shopping malls sitting in all areas of the city increase the likelihood of using walking mode.

Keywords

References

- Atasoy, B., Glerum, A., & Bierlaire, M. (2013). "Attitudes towards mode choice in Switzerland. disP - The Planning Review", Vol. 49, No.2, pp.101-117.
- Ben-Akiva, M., McFadden, D., Train, K., Walker, J., Bhat, C., Bierlaire, M., & Daly, A. (2002). "Hybrid choice models: progress and challenges. Marketing Letters, Vol.13, No.3, pp.163-175.
- Bhat, C. R. (1998). Analysis of travel mode and departure time choice for urban shopping trips. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Vol.32, No.6, pp.361-371.
- Blackwell, R. D., Miniard, P., & Engel, J. (2006). Consumer behaviour, (International student edition)". Thomson Higher Education, Mason, OH.
- Cervero, R. (2002). "Built environments and mode choice: toward a normative framework". Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 7(4), 265-284.
- Chamberlain, G. (1984). "Panel data." Handbook of econometrics 2: 1247-1318.
- Choo, S., & Mokhtarian, P. L. (2004). "What type of vehicle do people drive? The role of attitude and lifestyle in influencing vehicle type choice". Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 38(3), 201-222.
- Collins, C. M., & Chambers, S. M. (2005). "Psychological and situational influences on commuter-transport-mode choice. Environment and behavior", Vol.37, No.5, pp.640-661.
- Domarchi, C., Tudela, A., & González, A. (2008). "Effect of attitudes, habit and affective appraisal on mode choice: an application to university worker"s. Transportation, Vol.35, No.5, pp.585-599.
- Ehteshamrad, S., Saffarzadeh, M., Mamdoohi, A., Saffarzadeh, S., & Figueira, F. M. (2019). "Car Use Behavioral Study for Commuting Trips: Parents’ Work Trips and Children’s School Trips". International Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol. 6, No.3, pp.207-216.
- Frey, W. H. (1999). Beyond social security: "The local aspects of an aging America. Brookings Institution", Center on Urban and Metropolitan Policy.
- Frank, L. D., & Pivo, G. (1994). "Impacts of mixed use and density on utilization of three modes of travel: single-occupant vehicle, transit, and walking". Transportation research record, Vol.1466, pp.44-52.
- Galdames, C., Tudela, A., & Carrasco, J. A. (2011). "Exploring the role of psychological factors in mode choice models by a latent variables approach". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol.2230, pp.68-74.
- Golob, T. F. (2001). "Joint models of attitudes and behavior in evaluation of the San Diego I-15 congestion pricing project". Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Vol.35, No.6, pp.495-514.
- Guo, J., Bhat, C., & Copperman, R. (2007). "Effect of the built environment on motorized and nonmotorized trip making: substitutive, complementary, or synergistic?" Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol.2010, pp.1-11.
- Haghshenas, Abotalebi, Noori, (2019) "congestion pricing and improving public transportation facilities on mode choice for mandatory and non-mandatory trips. Jornal of Transportation engineering (online published).
- Hanifi, A., Shahangian, RS, Mamdoohi A. (2017) "the effect of attitude variable on mode choice." The 16th International Conference on Traffic and Transportation Engineering.
- Handy, S. (2000). "Non-work travel of women: patterns, perceptions and preferences. In Women's Travel". Issues Second National Conference Drachman Institute of the University of Arizona; Morgan State University; Federal Highway Administration.
- Hosoda, T. (1999). "Incorporating unobservable heterogeneity in discrete choice model: mode choice model for shopping trips", Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
- Hurtubia, R., Atasoy, B., Glerum, A., Curchod, A., & Bierlaire, M. (2010). "Considering latent attitudes in mode choice": The case of switzerland. In World Conference on Transport Research (No. EPFL-CONF-152337).
- Ibrahim, M. F. (2003). "Car ownership and attitudes towards transport modes for shopping purposes in Singapore". Transportation, Vol.30, No.4, pp.435-457.
- Johansson, M. V., Heldt, T., & Johansson, P. (2006). "The effects of attitudes and personality traits on mode choice". Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Vol.40, No.6, pp. 507-525.
- Mahpour, A., Mamdoohi, A., HosseinRashidi, T., Schmid, B., & Axhausen, K. W. (2018). "Shopping destination choice in Tehran: An integrated choice and latent variable approach." Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour, Vol.58, pp.566-580.
- Miller, E. J., Roorda, M. J., & Carrasco, J. A. (2005). "A tour-based model of travel mode choice". Transportation, Vol.32, No.4, pp.399-422.
- Mamdoohi, A., Axhausen, K. W., Mahpour, A., Rashidi, T. H., & Saffarzadeh, M. (2016). "Are there latent effects in shopping destination choice? Survey methods and response behavior". In 16th Swiss Transport Research Conference (STRC 2016). Swiss Transport Research Conference (STRC).
- McCormack, G. R., Giles-Corti, B., & Bulsara, M. (2008). "The relationship between destination proximity, destination mix and physical activity behaviors". Preventive medicine, Vol.46, No.1, pp.33-40.
- McFadden, D. (1986). "The choice theory approach to market research". Marketing science, Vol.5, No.4, pp.275-297.
- McFadden, D., & Train, K. (2000). "Mixed MNL models for discrete response". Journal of applied Econometrics, Vol.15, No.5, pp.447-470.
- Michel, D., & Scheiner, J. (2016). "Travel mode choice of shopping center sutomers in Germany". spatialand Scio-demographic structures. Erdkunde, Vol.70, No.4, pp.323-339.
- Morikawa, T., & Sasaki, K. (1998). "Discrete choice models with latent variables using subjective data (chapter 24 of travel behavior research: updating the state of play)". Publication of: Elsevier Science, Limited.
- Morikawa, T., Ben-Akiva, M., McFadden, D., (2002). "Discrete Choice Models Incorporating Revealed Preferences and Psychometric Data. Econometric Models in Marketing Advances in Econometrics: A Research Annual", vol. 16. Elsevier Science Ltd.
- Moudon, A. V., Lee, C., Cheadle, A. D., Garvin, C., Johnson, D., Schmid, T. L., ... & Lin, L. (2006). "Operational definitions of walkable neighborhood: theoretical and empirical insights. Journal of physical activity and health", Vol.3, No.1, pp.99-117.
- Moye, L. N., & Giddings, V. L. (2002). "An examination of the retail approach-avoidance behavior of older apparel consumers". Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, Vol.6, No.3, pp.259-276.
- National Passenger Transportation Survey (2009). FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation.
- Ortúzar, J. D. D., & Willumsen, L. G. (2002). "Modelling transport". John Wiley & Sons. West Sussex, England.
- Outwater, M. L., Castleberry, S., Shiftan, Y., Ben-Akiva, M., Zhou, Y. S., & Kuppam, A. (2003). "Use of structural equation modeling for an attitudinal market segmentation approach to mode choice and ridership forecasting". In 10th International Conference on Travel Behaviour Research, Lucerne, Switzerland, pp. 10-15.
- Papaioannou, D., & Martinez, L. M. (2015). "The Role of Accessibility and Connectivity in Mode Choice. A Structural Equation Modeling Approach". Transportation Research Procedia, Vol.10, pp.831-839.
- Popovich, N. D., & Handy, S. (2015). "Downtown, strip centers, and big-box stores: Mode choice by shopping destination type in Davis, California". Journal of Transport and Land Use, Vol.8, No.2, pp.149-170.
- Ronse, W., Boussauw, K., & Lauwers, D. (2015). "Shopping centre siting and modal choice in Belgium: a destination-based analysis". European Planning Studies, Vol.23, No.11, pp.2275-2291.
-Samimi, A., Rahmati, Y., & Sadeghi, H. (2016). "Travel Mode Choice in Presence of HOT Lane in Tehran." International Journal of Modeling and OptimizationVol.6, pp.323-329.
- Sarkar, P. P., & Mallikarjuna, C. (2018). "Effect of perception and attitudinal variables on mode choice behavior: A case study of Indian city, Agartala". Travel Behaviour and Society, Vol.12, pp.108-114.
- Scheiner, J. (2007). "Far, far away-micro-spatial analyses of trip distances and mode choice". In Proceedings of the European Transport Conference (ETC) 2007 Held 17-19 October 2007, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Scheiner, J. and C. Holz-Rau (2007). "Travel mode choice: affected by objective or subjective determinants?" Journal of the Transportation Vol.34, No.4, pp.487-511.
- Schiffman, L. G., & Kanuk, L. L. (2007). "Reference Groups and Family Influences in Consumer Behaviour. Prentice Hall: London", pp.310- 355.
- Schwartz, S. H. (1992). "Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries". In Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 25, pp. 1-65
- Sivakumar, A., & Bhat, C. (2007). "Comprehensive, unified framework for analyzing spatial location choice". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol.2003, pp.103-111.
- Shimazaki T, Kazunori H & Shihana SM (1994) "Comparative study of transportation modal choicein Asian countries". Transportation Research Record Vol.1441, pp.71–83.
- Shim, S., & Bickle, M. C. (1994). "Benefit segments of the female apparel market: Psychographics, shopping orientations, and demographics". Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, Vol.12, No.2, pp.1-12.
- Shim, S., & Kotsiopulos, A. (1992). "Patronage behavior of apparel shopping: Part I. Shopping orientations, store attributes, information sources, and personal characteristics". Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, Vol.10, No.2, pp.48-57.
- Steiner, R. (1998). "Trip generation and parking requirements in traditional shopping districts". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol.1617, pp.28-37.
- Suwanvijit, W., & Promsa-ad, S. (2009). "The Insight Study of Consumer Life-styles and Purchasing Behaviors in Songkla Province", Thailand. International Journal of Marketing Studies, Vol.1, No.2, pp.66.
- "Transportation comprehensive Tehran (2016)". Organization of Transportation and Traffic of Tehran Municipality press.
- Thompson, B. (2004). "Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis: Understanding concepts and applications", American Psychological Association.
- Taherdoost, H., Sahibuddin, S., & Jalaliyoon, N. (2014). "Features’ Evaluation of Goods, Services and E-Services; Electronic Service Characteristics Exploration". Procedia Technology, Vol.12, pp.204-211.
- Train, K. (1980). "A structured logit model of auto ownership and mode choice." The Review of Economic Studies Vol.47, No.2, pp.357-370.
- Van Acker, V., Mokhtarian, P. L., & Witlox, F. (2014). "Car availability explained by the structural relationships between lifestyles, residential location, and underlying residential and travel attitudes". Transport Policy, Vol.35, pp. 88-99.
- Walker, J., & Ben-Akiva, M. (2002). "Generalized random utility model". Mathematical social sciences, Vol.43, No.3, pp.303-343.
- Walker, J. L., & Li, J. (2007). "Latent lifestyle preferences and household location decisions. Journal of Geographical Systems", Vol.9, No.1, pp.77-101.
International Journal of Transportation Engineering
Volume 9, Issue 2 - Serial Number 34
October 2021
Pages 537-560

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics